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Winter 2011 |
Summer 2011 |
Winter 2010 |
Summer 2010 |
Winter 2009 |
Summer 2009 |
Winter 2008 |
Summer 2008 |
Winter 2007 |
Summer 2007 |
Winter 2006 |
Summer 2006 |
Winter 2005 |
Summer 2005 |
Winter 2004 |
Summer 2004 |
Winter 2003 |
Summer 2003 |
Winter 2002 |
Summer 2002 |
Winter 2001 |
Summer 2001 |
Causes of World War One |
(a)
5 marks |
Describe the first Moroccan Crisis, 1905–6. |
What military and diplomatic commitments had European countries made with each
other by 1914? |
Describe the colonial rivalry which existed among the Great Powers by 1900. |
Describe the Bosnian Crisis of 1908–09. |
|
Describe the part played by Germany in the arms race in the early years of the twentieth
century. |
What was the Entente Cordiale of 1904? |
na |
Describe the system of alliances which existed between European countries in 1914. |
na |
na |
Describe the colonial rivalry that existed between Germany and other powers by 1900. |
Describe the Balkan Wars of 1912-13. |
Describe the Alliance System which existed among European powers before 1914. |
Describe the Anglo-German naval rivalry that existed in the early years of the twentieth century. |
What was the Entente Cordiale? |
Describe the Moroccan Crisis of 1905. |
Describe the Balkan Wars of 1908-1913. |
Describe assassination of 1914. |
Describe the French alliances which existed prior to World War One. |
Describe the French preparations for war in 1914. |
Describe the Anglo-German naval race. |
(b)
7 marks |
Why was the Bosnian Crisis (1908–9) important in the period leading up to the First World
War? |
Why were relations tense between Britain and Germany between 1900 and 1914? |
Why was the tension between the Great Powers increased by events in Morocco in 1911? |
Why was there a ‘naval race’ between Britain and Germany? |
|
Why did the Alliance System create tension between the Great Powers at that time? |
Why was there a crisis over Morocco in 1905? |
na |
Why did the two crises in Morocco increase tension between European powers? |
na |
na |
Why did the Kaiser become involved in Morocco between 1905-1911? |
Why were the tensions between the Great Powers increased by the Bosnian Crisis of 1908? |
Why did the Moroccan crises of 1905 and 1911 increase tension between Germany and Britain? |
Why did France begin to mobilise its forces in early August 1914? |
Why was there a crisis over Morocco in 1911? |
Why did the crisis over Bosnia-Herzegovina not bring war to Europe? |
Why were the Balkans a source of international tension in the years before WWI? |
Explain why Austria wanted to take action against Serbia |
Explain Anglo-German rivalry. |
Explain why France mobilised its army in 1914. |
Explain why colonial rivalry developed before 1914. |
(c)
10 marks |
How far was Germany responsible for causing the First World War? Explain your answer. |
How far did problems in the Balkans cause the First World War? Explain your answer. |
‘Events in Bosnia in 1908 were more significant than the Balkan Wars of 1912–13 in bringing
war closer.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘German actions caused the First World War.’ How far do you agree with this
statement?
Explain your answer. |
|
‘The Balkan Wars, 1912-13, were more responsible for the First World War than the
assassination of Franz Ferdinand.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your
answer. |
‘The rise of Serbia was more responsible than German militarism for the First World
War.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
na |
‘The main reason for Britain going to war in 1914 was the German invasion of Belgium.’
How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
na |
na |
"The Anglo-German naval race was the most important cause of war in 1914" - Discuss. |
How far was German militarism the most important cause of war in 1914? Explain your answer. |
‘The most important reason why Britain went to war in 1914 was the German invasion of Belgium’. How far do you agree with this statement? |
'In August 1914 a German army marched into Belgium.' Was this action the main reason for the First World War? |
‘Naval rivalry was the main cause of the First World War’. How far do agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
How far was Germany to blame for the coming of war in 1914? Explain your answer. |
Why did the 1914 Balkan crisis cause European war, but earlier crises did not? |
Evaluate whether the assassination of 1914 made war inevitable |
Evaluate the view that alliances encouraged countries to act in warlike manner. |
Evaluate the view that nationalism caused World War One. |
Evaluate the view that Germany caused World War One. |
International Relations 1919-39
(Q1) |
(a)
5 marks |
What were the roles of (i) the Assembly and (ii) the Mandates Commission in the League of
Nations? |
In what ways was the Treaty of Versailles designed to restrict Germany’s ability to
attack France? |
What were Germany’s main territorial losses under the Treaty of Versailles? |
What did Wilson hope to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919–20? |
What did Lloyd George want to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919-20? |
What were the main weaknesses in the structure and organisation of the League of Nations? |
Describe the humanitarian work of the League of Nations in the 1920s. |
What military restrictions did the Treaty of Versailles impose on Germany? |
In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken Germany’s armed forces? |
What did Clemenceau want to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919–20? |
Describe the successes of the League of Nations in peacekeeping in the 1920s. |
What were the main aims of the League of Nations when it was set up in 1920? |
Describe the successes of the League of Nations in the 1920s.
|
What military restrictions were imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles? |
Describe what Clemenceau and Lloyd George each wanted to achieve in the Treaty of Versailles. |
What were Germany’s main territorial losses under the Treaty of Versailles? |
How did the League of Nations hope to prevent future wars between nations? |
In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken the German economy? |
Describe two successes of the League of Nations in the 1920s. |
Describe how the peace treaties affected France. |
Describe mandates and plebiscites. |
Describe how German armaments were limited by the Treaty of Versailles. |
(b)
7 marks |
Why did the League of Nations have some successes in the first ten years of its existence? |
Why did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany? |
Why was Clemenceau dissatisfied with the Treaty of Versailles? |
Why did Clemenceau and Lloyd George disagree over how to treat Germany? |
Why were German people horrified when they discovered the terms of the Treaty of Versailles? |
Why did the Depression make the work of the League more difficult? |
Why was the League able to achieve some successes in the 1920s in dealing with
international disputes? |
Why did the ‘Big three’ disagree over how to treat Germany? |
Why did Clemenceau demand that a harsh peace be imposed on Germany? |
Why did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles cause so much bitterness in Germany? |
Explain how the Japanese invasion of Manchuria showed the weaknesses of the League. |
Why did its structure and membership weaken the League? |
Why did the League fail to deal with Japanese aggression against Manchuria? |
Why did the aims of the ‘Big Three’ differ? |
Why did the Treaty of Versailles cause problems for Germany in the years up to 1923? |
Why was Germany dissatisfied with the Versailles peace treaty?
|
Why did the League of Nations fail to restrict the aggression of Japan in the 1930s? |
Why did Germany dislike the Treaty of Versailles? |
Explain why the League was quite successful in the 1920s. |
Explain why some countries viewed setting up the League of Nations with suspicion
|
Explain why the Versailles treaty was harsh on Germany. |
Explain why the disarmament conference 1932-3 failed. |
(c)
10 marks |
‘The League of Nations Failed because of Britain and France.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The peacemakers of 1919–20 dealt successfully with the problems they faced.’ How
far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The Germans had genuine grounds for complaint about the Treaty of Versailles.’ How far do
you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The Treaty of Versailles was a fair settlement.’ How far do you agree with this
statement?
Explain your answer. |
‘The Treaty of Versailles was too harsh on Germany.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. |
To what extent was the League of Nations a success in its peacekeeping role? Explain your
answer. |
‘How far can the World Depression be blamed for the failure of the League? Explain
your answer. |
How far could the Treaty be justified at the time? Explain your answer. |
‘The Treaty of Versailles was unfair on Germany.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. |
‘The peacemakers of 1919–23 coped successfully with the problems they faced.’ How far do
you agree? |
Which was the more important cause of the failure of the League of Nations – the World
Depression of the 1930s or the invasion of Abyssinia? |
How far was the League of Nations a success? |
It was the Abyssinian crisis that destroyed the League of Nations as an effective peacekeeping body’ How far do you agree with this statement? |
How successful was the League of Nations in the 1920s? |
Was the Treaty of Versailles fair? |
How successful was the League of Nations in dealing with disputes during the 1920s? Explain your answer. |
How far was the League of Nations a failure? Explain your answer. |
To what extent was the Treaty of Versailles a sensible treaty in the circumstances of the time? Explain your answer. |
Evaluate how far League of Nations failed because of the Depression. |
Evaluate the view that structural weaknesses caused failure of League of Nations in 1920s |
Evaluate how far Germany accepted the Versailles treaty by end of 1923. |
Evaluate how far the disarmament conference showed that League of Nations was a failure. |
International Relations 1919-39
(Q2) |
(a)
5 marks |
Describe what was agreed about the Saar in the Treaty of Versailles, and what happened in
1935 as a result. |
What steps did the League of Nations take against Japan following the invasion of
Manchuria? |
What methods were available to the League of Nations to settle disputes between countries? |
What did Hitler achieve by the Anschluss? |
What happened at the Munich Conference in 1938? |
What actions did Hitler take between 1933 and 1937 to destroy the Treaty of Versailles? |
Describe the remilitarisation of the Rhineland in 1936. |
Describe the work of the Agencies of the League of Nations. |
How did the League of Nations hope to prevent future wars between nations? |
In what ways did Hitler build up his armed forces before 1936? |
What was agreed at the Munich Conference of September 1938? |
When Hitler came to power, what did he aim to achieve in foreign policy? |
Describe the events in the Saar in 1935. |
What were the aims of Hitler’s foreign policy? |
What were the aims of the League of Nations? |
How did the 1935 plebiscite change the situation in the Saar? |
When Hitler came to power, what did he hope to achieve in foreign policy? |
What was the Hoare-Laval Pact? |
Describe the Manchurian crisis. |
Describe the way Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles from 1933 to end of 1938. |
Describe the events leading to Anschluss. |
Describe the Munich agreement. |
(b)
7 marks |
Why did Britain and France fail to resist the Anschluss? |
Why did the Depression cause problems for the League? |
Why did some major powers not join the League of Nations? |
Why did Hitler want to take over Czechoslovakia? |
Why did Stalin sign the Nazi-Soviet Pact? |
Why was Hitler able to unite Germany with Austria in 1938? |
Why did Hitler want to unite Germany and Austria? |
Why was the structure of the League a weakness? |
Why did the League fail to stop Italian aggression against Corfu in 1923? |
Why was remilitarisation of the Rhineland a risk for Hitler? |
Why was the Nazi-Soviet Pact of August 1939 important? |
Explain how Hitler destroyed the Treaty of Versailles. |
Why did Britain and France allow Germany to remilitarise the Rhineland in 1936?
|
Why was Hitler’s foreign policy successful up to 1938?
|
Why did the League of Nations have some success during the 1920s?
|
Explain why Hitler wanted the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939?
|
Why did Britain go to war over Poland in 1939?
|
Why was the conquest of Abyssinia by Italy not prevented by the League of Nations?
|
Explain why Italy defeated Abyssinia.
|
Explain why UK and France followed policy of appeasement.
|
Explain why Britain and France allowed Anschluss.
|
Explain why the Nazi-Soviet pact was important.
|
(c)
10 marks |
How far was the outbreak of war in 1939 Hitler’s fault? Explain your answer. |
‘The League of Nations was based on sound ideas.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The lack of an army was the main reason for the League’s failure in Manchuria.’ How far do
you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The policy of appeasement was a mistake.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. |
How far was Hitler’s foreign policy to blame for war in 1939? Explain your answer. |
‘The Nazi-Soviet Pact played a greater part in causing war in 1939 than did the policy of
appeasement.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
How far was the policy of appeasement followed by Britain and France responsible for
the outbreak of war in 1939? Explain your answer. |
How successful was the League of Nations in dealing with disputes in the 1920s and
1930s? |
‘The League was a failure’. How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The policy of appeasement was a failure.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain
your answer. |
How far was the Treaty of Versailles to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939? Explain your
answer. |
How far was appeasement justified? - Explain your answer. |
‘Hitler’s desire for lebensraum was the most important reason for the outbreak of the war in 1939.’ Do you agree? |
How far was the Nazi-Soviet Pact responsible for causing war in Europe? |
How far can the failure of the League of Nations in the 1930s be blamed on the Great Depression? |
‘The policy of appeasement was justified’. How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
How far was the Treaty of Versailles to blame for the outbreak of war in 1939? Explain your answer. |
To what extent can the outbreak of war in 1939 be blamed upon the failure of the League of Nations? |
Evaluate the importance of Hitler’s pacts with Italy and Japan. |
Evaluate the view that ‘Hitler was a gambler rather than a planner’ in foreign affairs. |
Evaluate the view that Hitler’s policies in Austria and Czechoslovakia were complete success. |
Evaluate the view that WWII was caused by British and French mistakes 1938-9. |
Cold War |
(a)
5 marks |
What was decided at the Potsdam Conference? |
What measures were taken in 1961 to prevent movement of people between East and
West Berlin? |
What was the ‘Gulf of Tonkin’ incident? |
What decisions, in relation to Germany, were agreed at Yalta and Potsdam? |
Describe the Bay of Pigs incident. |
What did Stalin gain from the Yalta conference? |
What was agreed at the Yalta Conference of February 1945? |
What did the Geneva Agreements of 1954 decide about the future of Vietnam? |
What was the ‘Cold War’? |
Describe the response of the USA to Castro’s takeover of Cuba. |
Describe events in Korea between 1945 and June 1950. |
What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference? |
Who were the Vietcong?
|
What was the iron curtain?
|
Describe how the Berlin Wall affected the people living in Berlin. |
What was decided at the Yalta Conference, 1945? |
What was decided at the Yalta Conference? |
What was the Ho Chi Minh Trail? |
Describe the role of the Vietcong. |
Describe the Yalta Agreement. |
Describe how Poland and Czechoslovakia became communist after 1945. |
Describe relations between USA and Cuba 1959-62. |
(b)
7 marks |
Why did the wartime unity of the Allies break down between 1945 and 1947? |
Why did the Polish government attempt to suppress ‘Solidarity’ in the early 1980s? |
Explain the methods used by President Nixon in an attempt to gain ‘peace with honour’ in
Vietnam. |
Why was the Truman Doctrine significant? |
Why did the Soviet Union place missiles on Cuba? |
Why did tensions between the USSR and the Western Allies increase at the Potsdam
conference? |
Why did the USA introduce the Marshall Plan? |
Why did Johnson increase American involvement in Vietnam? |
Why did tension between the Soviet Union and the West increase after the Potsdam
Conference? |
Why was the Bay of Pigs invasion a failure for the USA? |
Explain why the United Nations became involved in the Korean War. |
Why was there continuing tension over Berlin, 1945-49? |
Why did the USA get involved in Vietnam?
|
Why was Marshall Aid offered to countries in Europe?
|
Why was the Berlin Wall built?
|
Explain why the Soviet Union blockaded Berlin.
|
Why was Eastern Europe largely in the hands of the USSR by 1946? |
Why did the USA find it impossible to defeat the Vietcong?
|
Explain why the Vietnam war became increasingly unpopular.
|
Explain why the West were suspicious of the USSR 1945-7. |
Explain why the wartime alliance broke down 1945-7.
|
Explain why the Cuban Missile Crisis caused so such alarm.
|
(c)
10 marks |
‘The Truman Doctrine was more responsible for increasing Cold War tension than the Berlin
Blockade.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The collapse of Soviet control in Eastern Europe was not the fault of Gorbachev.’ How
far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘America withdrew from Vietnam because of military failure.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. |
‘It was the Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe that caused the Cold War.’ How far do
you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. |
‘The USA gained more than the USSR from the Cuban Missile Crisis.’ How far do you agree
with this statement? Explain your answer. |
Who was more to blame for starting the Cold War, the USA or the USSR? Explain your answer. |
How far was the Cold War caused by Truman’s hostility towards the Soviet Union?
Explain your answer. |
How successful was American foreign policy towards Cuba and Vietnam? Explain
your answer. |
‘The main reason for the escalation of the Cold War in the years 1947– 49 was the Berlin
Blockade.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The Cuban Missile Crisis was never a threat to world peace.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. |
‘The United Nations was more successful in Korea than in the Congo.’ How far do you agree
with this statement? Explain your answer. |
"It was Truman, not Stalin, who brought about the Cold War" - Discuss |
How far can the American withdrawal from Vietnam be blamed on military failure? Explain your answer. |
‘The Berlin Blockade brought Europe close to war’. How far do you agree with statement? |
How far can the decline of Soviet Power in Eastern Europe be blamed on the Solidarity movement? Explain your answer. |
‘The Soviet Union was to blame for the Cold War.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
Only Stalin of the Allies achieved what he wanted as a result of the war with Germany'. Do you agree? Explain your answer. |
How far was US public opinion the most important reason for the America's withdrawal from Vietnam? Explain your answer. |
Evaluate the success of the US in Vietnam 1963-1975. |
Evaluate the view that the attitudes of Churchill and Truman, not Stalin, caused the Cold War |
Evaluate who had more successful policies in Europe 1945-9: the USA or the USSR? |
Evaluate whether Kennedy or Khrushchev handled the Cuban Missile Crisis better. |
UNO / Cold War |
(a)
5 marks |
What actions did the USA take against Cuba before the Bay of Pigs invasion? |
Describe the structure of the United Nations Organisation (UNO). |
What was the ‘Prague Spring’? |
Describe the immediate impact on US–Cuban relations (up to January 1961) of Castro
coming to power. |
Describe the membership and role of the United Nations Security Council. |
What did the founders of the United Nations hope it would achieve? |
Describe the structure of the United Nations Organisation. |
Describe events in Hungary in October and November 1956 |
What was the Berlin Wall? |
What was the ‘Domino Theory’? |
Describe relations between Cuba and the USA in the period 1959-1961. |
Describe how the Soviet Union reacted to events in Hungary in 1956. |
Describe the structure of the UNO.
|
Describe the USA’s response up to 1961 to Castro’s takeover of Cuba.
|
Describe relations between Cuba and the USA in the period 1959-1961. |
Describe the events in Hungary in 1956. |
Describe the Bay of Pigs incident.
|
Describe the work of any two of the agencies of the UNO. |
Describe the structure of UNO. |
Describe the effects of Berlin Wall. |
Describe Glasnost. |
Describe the aims of UNO. |
(b)
7 marks |
Why was the Bay of Pigs invasion a failure? |
Why did the United Nations become involved in the Korean War? |
Why did Berlin remain a focus of Cold War tensions during the 1960s? |
Why did the Bay of Pigs (April 1961) invasion result in humiliation for Kennedy? |
Why has the organisation of the United Nations made it hard for it to be effective? |
Why did the United Nations become involved in the Congo in 1960-61? |
Why did the UN become involved in the Korean War? |
Why did Warsaw Pact forces invade Czechoslovakia in 1968? |
Why was there a rising in Hungary in 1956? |
Why did the Vietnam War become increasingly unpopular with the people of America? |
Why did Khrushchev send missiles to Cuba? |
Why was the Soviet Union worried by developments in Czechoslovakia in Spring 1968? |
Why has the way the UNO is organised made it hard for it to be effective?
|
Why was the USA concerned about Soviet missiles in Cuba?
|
Why was the USA concerned about Soviet missiles in Cuba?
|
Why did the USSR invade Czechoslovakia in 1968?
|
Why did the USSR install missile bases in Cuba?
|
Why have most countries become members of the UNO?
|
Explain why UNO became involved in Congo.
|
Explain why the Berlin Wall was built.
|
Explain why Solidarity was formed.
|
Explain why the UNO intervened in Korea.
|
(c)
10 marks |
‘The main reason Khrushchev put missiles on Cuba was for defensive purposes.’ How far do
you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
How successful has the United Nations been? Explain your answer. |
How significant was the part played by Solidarity in the loss of Soviet control in Eastern
Europe? Explain your answer. |
‘The Cuban Missile Crisis was a success for the US policy of containment.’ How far
do you agree with this statement?
Explain your answer. |
‘The Korean War was a success for the United Nations.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? Explain your answer. |
How successful has the United Nations been in its social and economic work? Explain your
answer. |
How successful was the UN in Korea? Explain your answer. |
How far were the policies of Gorbachev responsible for the collapse of Soviet control
over Eastern Europe? Explain your answer. |
Which was the more serious threat to Soviet control of Eastern Europe:
events in Czechoslovakia in 1968;
the emergence of Solidarity in Poland? |
‘The USA was unsuccessful in Vietnam because of the opposition’s use of guerrilla tactics.’
How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
‘Khrushchev handled the Cuban Crisis better than Kennedy.’ How far do you agree with this
statement? |
How important was "Solidarity" in the decline of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe? Explain your answer. |
How successful was the UNO in the Congo crisis?
|
‘There was never any real risk of war over Cuba’. How far do you agree with this statement? |
Khrushchev claimed that the Cuban Missile Crisis was a victory for the Soviet Union. Do you agree with this view? Explain your answer. |
‘Gorbachev was responsible for the collapse of Soviet control over Eastern Europe.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer. |
'The Cuban Missile Crisis was not as serious as it appeared at the time'. Do you agree? Explain your answer. |
How far has the importance of the UNO increased since 1945? Explain your answer. |
Evaluate importance of UNO in the Korean War. |
Evaluate whether there was a serious chance of a ‘hot war’ breaking out in Europe. |
Evaluate the view that Communism collapsed because of Gorbachev. |
Evaluate the view that Congo crisis demonstrated success of UNO. |