The Meiji Restoration (1853– 1894)

IBDP Paper 1, Focused study 3: Political and economic transitions

The Meiji Restoration (1853–1894) marks one of the most dramatic transformations in world history—a moment when Japan catapulted from a feudal, isolated society into a modern industrial power in just a few decades. For IBDP History students, it offers a fascinating lens through which to explore themes of modernization, imperialism, and cultural identity. As a Paper 1 topic, it is especially rewarding because it is rich in diverse and accessible sources—from imperial edicts and samurai letters to Western diplomatic accounts and contemporary illustrations. These sources vividly capture the tension between tradition and change, making the Meiji Restoration an ideal case study for developing critical source analysis and evaluation skills.

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